sábado, 31 de octubre de 2009

My learning in the first and second English lesson!


I during the quarter learning interesting things, one was downloading videos and images to my blog. I also met new words in English and most importantly the time to learn English. Also I did my time in English, however I found it difficult to do. I hope to continue learning more about the subject of English!

HAPPY HALLOWEEN!!!!!!!!





BOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO!!!!!!!!! JAJAJAJAJAJAJAJAJAJAJA

HALLOWEEN COMES TO AMERICA!!!



As European immigrants came to America, they brought their varied Halloween customs with them. Because of the rigid Protestant belief systems that characterized early New England, celebration of Halloween in colonial times was extremely limited there.

It was much more common in Maryland and the southern colonies. As the beliefs and customs of different European ethnic groups, as well as the American Indians, meshed, a distinctly American version of Halloween began to emerge. The first celebrations included "play parties," public events held to celebrate the harvest, where neighbors would share stories of the dead, tell each other's fortunes, dance, and sing. Colonial Halloween festivities also featured the telling of ghost stories and mischief-making of all kinds. By the middle of the nineteenth century, annual autumn festivities were common, but Halloween was not yet celebrated everywhere in the country.

In the second half of the nineteenth century, America was flooded with new immigrants. These new immigrants, especially the millions of Irish fleeing Ireland's potato famine of 1846, helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally. Taking from Irish and English traditions, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today's "trick-or-treat" tradition. Young women believed that, on Halloween, they could divine the name or appearance of their future husband by doing tricks with yarn, apple parings, or mirrors.

In the late 1800s, there was a move in America to mold Halloween into a holiday more about community and neighborly get-togethers, than about ghosts, pranks, and witchcraft.

Video: Historical Halloween Costumes of the 1920s.
Video: New York's Village Halloween Parade is one of the most unique Halloween Celebrations.
At the turn of the century, Halloween parties for both children and adults became the most common way to celebrate the day. Parties focused on games, foods of the season, and festive costumes. Parents were encouraged by newspapers and community leaders to take anything "frightening" or "grotesque" out of Halloween celebrations. Because of their efforts, Halloween lost most of its superstitious and religious overtones by the beginning of the twentieth century.

By the 1920s and 1930s, Halloween had become a secular, but community-centered holiday, with parades and town-wide parties as the featured entertainment. Despite the best efforts of many schools and communities, vandalism began to plague Halloween celebrations in many communities during this time. By the 1950s, town leaders had successfully limited vandalism and Halloween had evolved into a holiday directed mainly at the young. Due to the high numbers of young children during the fifties baby boom, parties moved from town civic centers into the classroom or home, where they could be more easily accommodated. Between 1920 and 1950, the centuries-old practice of trick-or-treating was also revived. Trick-or-treating was a relatively inexpensive way for an entire community to share the Halloween celebration. In theory, families could also prevent tricks being played on them by providing the neighborhood children with small treats. A new American tradition was born, and it has continued to grow. Today, Americans spend an estimated $6.9 billion annually on Halloween, making it the country's second largest commercial holiday.
As European immigrants came to America, they brought their varied Halloween customs with them. Because of the rigid Protestant belief systems that characterized early New England, celebration of Halloween in colonial times was extremely limited there.
It was much more common in Maryland and the southern colonies. As the beliefs and customs of different European ethnic groups, as well as the American Indians, meshed, a distinctly American version of Halloween began to emerge. The first celebrations included "play parties," public events held to celebrate the harvest, where neighbors would share stories of the dead, tell each other's fortunes, dance, and sing. Colonial Halloween festivities also featured the telling of ghost stories and mischief-making of all kinds. By the middle of the nineteenth century, annual autumn festivities were common, but Halloween was not yet celebrated everywhere in the country.

In the second half of the nineteenth century, America was flooded with new immigrants. These new immigrants, especially the millions of Irish fleeing Ireland's potato famine of 1846, helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally. Taking from Irish and English traditions, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today's "trick-or-treat" tradition. Young women believed that, on Halloween, they could divine the name or appearance of their future husband by doing tricks with yarn, apple parings, or mirrors.

In the late 1800s, there was a move in America to mold Halloween into a holiday more about community and neighborly get-togethers, than about ghosts, pranks, and witchcraft.

Video: Historical Halloween Costumes of the 1920s.
Video: New York's Village Halloween Parade is one of the most unique Halloween Celebrations.
At the turn of the century, Halloween parties for both children and adults became the most common way to celebrate the day. Parties focused on games, foods of the season, and festive costumes. Parents were encouraged by newspapers and community leaders to take anything "frightening" or "grotesque" out of Halloween celebrations. Because of their efforts, Halloween lost most of its superstitious and religious overtones by the beginning of the twentieth century.

By the 1920s and 1930s, Halloween had become a secular, but community-centered holiday, with parades and town-wide parties as the featured entertainment. Despite the best efforts of many schools and communities, vandalism began to plague Halloween celebrations in many communities during this time. By the 1950s, town leaders had successfully limited vandalism and Halloween had evolved into a holiday directed mainly at the young. Due to the high numbers of young children during the fifties baby boom, parties moved from town civic centers into the classroom or home, where they could be more easily accommodated. Between 1920 and 1950, the centuries-old practice of trick-or-treating was also revived. Trick-or-treating was a relatively inexpensive way for an entire community to share the Halloween celebration. In theory, families could also prevent tricks being played on them by providing the neighborhood children with small treats. A new American tradition was born, and it has continued to grow. Today, Americans spend an estimated $6.9 billion annually on Halloween, making it the country's second largest commercial holiday.

jueves, 8 de octubre de 2009

INDIA

Holidays The International New Year (January 1) is recognized in India, although the Hindu New Year is celebrated in March or April. The Republic Day (26 January) commemorates the founding of India as an independent republic and many parades are held. Independence Day celebrates independence from India in the UK. Labor Day is celebrated on May 1, as in Europe. Another official holiday is on October 2 to celebrate the anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi (Gandhi Jayanti). That day people go on pilgrimage to the place where he was cremated the leader of Indian independence. Are important Muslim holidays of Id ul-Fitr, Id-uz Zuha, and Muharram. The Id-ul-Fitr celebrates the end of the month of Ramadan during which Muslims do not eat or drink from sunrise to sunset. The Id-uz Zuha, the Feast of Sacrifice, recalls Abraham's decision to obey the order of Allah and sacrifice his son. Muharram commemorates the martyrdom of the grandson of Prophet Mohammed. Both the Muslim and Hindu festivals are based on the lunar calendar. Despite the small percentage of Christians in India, Good Friday (the Friday before Easter) and Christmas Day (December 25) are legal holidays. In addition to these legal holidays, there are many other holidays throughout the year that celebrate certain deities, the arrival of spring and other events. Among the most important are the Vasant Panchami, in late January or early February. It is a Hindu festival of spring, during which people wear yellow clothes to symbolize the mustard flower, which announces the arrival of spring. Holi, in late February or March, is another joyous holiday of spring celebrated by the Hindus. During Holi, people throw red powder, green and yellow and sprinkled with colored water. The previous night huge bonfires are lit to symbolize the destruction of evil. In theory, during the feast castes are forgotten and all citizens are equal. Baisakhi in April or May, is the Hindu solar new year. It is held in the temple worship, ritual baths and parties with music, dancing and fireworks. The Naag Panchami in July or August, is a Hindu festival in honor of the snakes, which they make offerings of milk and flowers. The Janmashtami, in August or September, is one of the major Hindu festivals and celebrates the birthday of Krishna, who was a hero for both rich and poor. On Dussehra, a Hindu festival that is observed throughout India in October or November, celebrates the triumph of good over evil. Is immediately followed by Diwali, Festival of Lights. It is a period of joy in India. The celebrations focus on the light with lamps and fireworks lighting the sky. At that time, exchange gifts and sweets and people prepare feasts.

ITALY


Holidays Italy celebrates the New Year on January 1. On the eve of the Epiphany, the adoration of the Magi to the infant Jesus, on 6 January, official holiday is marked by the visit of Beffana, Christmas Witch, old and friendly, losing the possibility of accompany the Magi and, since then, looking at baby Jesus. The night of January 5, slides down chimneys with a broom and leaves presents and sweets to children who have been good and a lump of coal to those who have been ill. The Carnevale, or Carnival, is celebrated with parades and costume parties in many parts of Italy during the period that precedes Lent. The Carnival of Venice, particularly famous, receives many visitors from all over the world. The Italians also celebrate Easter Sunday and Easter Monday. The Liberation Day, April 25, commemorates the liberation of Italy in World War II. Labor Day is observed on 1 May. Assumption, the day the body of the Virgin Mary ascended into heaven, celebrated on August 15. That day, many Italians left the city for the coast or mountains. The Feast of All Saints (1 November), when the Catholic saints are remembered, is followed by All Souls' Day (Il Giorno dei Morti) on 2 November. This day, at dawn, held a requiem for the dead, and churches are ringing their bells. The Italians visit the cemeteries, decorating with flowers, particularly chrysanthemums, and ensure the graves of their loved ones. The day of the Immaculate Conception (Dec. 8) evoke the Catholic belief that the soul of the Virgin Mary was free from original sin. Christmas is celebrated on December 25. In addition to these holidays, each city celebrates its patron saint.

TURKEY


Holidays The lunar calendar determines the Muslim holidays, which vary each year. The main Muslim festival is the three-day feast called eker  Bayrami ( 'Feast of the Sugar') at the end of the fasting month of Ramadan. A typical dessert of the period is the rahat Lokoum-colored pieces of gelatin and coated with powdered sugar-known in the West as 'Turkish Delight'. In the four-day Muslim holiday called Kurban Bayrami ( 'feast of sacrifice') is honored the obedience of Abraham to sacrifice his only son, Isaac, by command of Allah is the time of the pilgrimage to Mecca. On this day, generally, are often sacrifice a lamb as a symbol that Abraham obeyed Allah by sacrificing a lamb instead of his son as a sign of fidelity. The secular parties in Turkey are governed by the Gregorian calendar (West). Other holidays include New Year (January 1), the National Sovereignty Day (April 23, who is also Children's Day), Day of Commemoration of Atatürk and Youth Day (May 19) The Victory Day (August 30) and Republic Day (October 29). On the eve of Republic Day is also a public holiday in some areas. Most people take their holidays in August. The National Sovereignty Day commemorates the opening of the Grand National Assembly on 23 April 1923. In honor of Children's Day, 400 students have the opportunity to fill seats in national parliament in the capital for a day. The Atatürk Commemoration and Youth Day commemorates the origin of the national movement for independence in 1919, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. In the Victory Day military parades are made, plays the oldest military band in the world, the Mehtar-and culminates with fireworks. The Republic Day marks the anniversary of the founding of the republic in 1923.

ENGLAND


Holidays

Shrove Tuesday in England known as Pancake Day (Day of the pancakes). It was traditionally the day when they prepared pancakes and eaten all the eggs and butter all forbidden during Lent, beginning the next day, Ash Wednesday. Some people still prepare pancakes at home that day. In an annual race held in Olney since 1945, women are carrying a frying pan and a pancake to be launched into the air three times. The feast of the Mother, traditionally the fourth Sunday of Lent, is a day to visit and bring gifts to the mother. On April 1, marks the day of the Innocents. May Day is celebrated on the first Monday in May. Bonfire Night or Guy Fawkes (November 5), was set off fireworks and bonfires where they burn effigies of Guy Fawkes to celebrate the defeat of Fawkes in his attempt to blow up the Parliament Buildings on 4 November 1605. The second Sunday of November, Remembrance Day tribute to veterans. The British Legion selling red paper poppies to raise money for veterans. During Christmas dinner (December 25), it is the traditional "surprise" next to each plate. Those who are sitting next to break the edge of the surprises of the companions, which make a loud bang! Inside is a paper hat and an object of little value. Boxing Day (December 26), named for the small boxes of clay that shopkeepers and servants had to collect tips, has become just a day of leisure, where many sporting events are held. Many offices, although the shops are closed from Christmas to New Year. New Year's Day (1 January), Good Friday (Friday before Easter) and Easter Monday (Monday after Easter) are three of the traditional bank holydays (public holidays) from England, in which banks and other businesses close. Other holidays include May Day, the festival of spring and summer (the last Monday of May and the last Monday in August, respectively), Christmas Day and Boxing Day. Almost all employees have an annual vacation of four or five weeks. Most people take two or three week vacation in July or August. A sizable minority also take winter holidays, typically for skiing or travel to somewhere warm and sunny. They are increasingly popular short trips to other parts of the country or continental Europe.

SWEDEN


Sweden

St. Lucia: This festival, held on December 13 in memory of Saint Lucia, slaughtered in 304 to embrace the Christian faith, announces the return of light. Young girls with candles, dressed in white, his family wake in the morning singing and serving coffee and muffins. Processions were everywhere. Christmas Swedish Christmas, religious and secular, is prepared and begins to live soon. Every Sunday, families light a candle in a four-armed candelabra, Christmas Eve, the four candles symbolize the birth of Christ. They develop all kinds of events: parades, traditional marches, concerts and exhibitions.

My Shedule!!!

Hello! My name is Iraida Abreu, but you can call Gaby is my nickname. I live in Maracaibo, this is a large and beautiful but gets very hot. I study Preeschool Education at the University. I have two beautiful children, they study in school. During the week I take my children to school every day. In my free time we went for a walk, watch TV, listen to music and play dominoes.
I love the holidays, I like dancing, hanging out with my friends. In November the Chinita Fair, these parties are very pretty and is part of our customs. The Chinita Fair begins from 14 to November 22 every year. In the Basilica of Our Lady of Chiquinquira Masses are performed in honor of the Virgin.